PEB-TERMINOLOGY
Anchor Bolt Plan- A plan view drawing showing the diameter, location and projection of all anchor bolts for the component of the Metal Building System and may show column reactions (magnitude and direction). The maximum base plate dimensions may also be shown.
Assembly - A group of mutually dependent and compatible components or subassemblies of components.
Auxiliary Crane Girder- A girder arranged parallel to the main girder for supporting the platform, motor base, operator's cab, control panels, etc., to reduce the torsional forces that such load would otherwise impose on the main crane girder.
Auxiliary Hoist- A supplemental hoisting unit usually designed to handle lighter loads at a higher speed that the main crane hoists.
Bar Joist - A name commonly used for "Open Web Steel Joists".
Base Angle/Channel - An angle secured to a wall or foundation used to attach the bottom of the wall panelling.
Base Plate - A plate attached to the bottom of a column which rests on a foundation or other support, usually secured by anchor bolts.
Base Tube -A continuous member imbedded in the edge of the foundation to which the wall panels are attached.
Bay - The space between the main frames measured normal to the frame.
Bearing Frame End wall - Frame composed of corner columns, wind columns, flush girts and rafter sections which is designed to carry one half bay loading, also referred to as “Light End wall”
Bearing Plate - A steel plate that is set on the top of a masonry support on which a beam or purlin can rest.
Bird Screen- Wire mesh used to prevent birds from entering the building through ventilators or louvers.
Blind Rivet - A small headed pin with expandable shank for joining light gauge metal. Typically used to attached flashings, gutters, etc.
Box Girder- Girders, trucks or other members of rectangular cross section enclosed on four corners.
Bracing - Rods, angles or cables used in the plane of the roof and walls to transfer loads, such as wind, seismic and crane thrusts to the foundation.
Bracket - A structural support projecting to a structural member. Example is canopy brackets, lean-to brackets, and crane runway brackets.
Bridging - Bracing or systems of bracing used between structural members.
Building Aisle- A space defined by the length of the building and the space between building columns.
Built-Up Member Or Section - A structural member, usually an I-shaped section, made from individual flat plates welded together.
Built-Up Roofing - A roof covering made up of alternating layers of tar and asphaltic materials.
Bumper- An energy-absorbing device for reducing impact when a moving crane or trolley reaches the end of its permitted travel, or when two moving cranes or trolleys come into contact.
Butt Plate - The end plate of a structural member usually used to rest against a like plate of another member forming a connection. Usually called a splice plate or bolted end plate
| By-Pass Girt - Girts which overlap at outside column flange to form a continuous member.
C-Section - A member formed from steel sheet in the shape of a block “C” that may be used either singularly or back to back.
Camber - Curvature of a flexural member in the plane of its web before loading.
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Cap Plate- A plate located at the top of a column or end of a beam for capping the exposed end of the member.
Caulking - To seal and make joints, seams or voids weather tight- by filling with a weather proof material.
Cladding - The exterior metal roof and wall panelling of a Metal Building System.
Clip- A plate or angle used to fasten two or more members.
Closure Strip- A resilient strip, formed to the contour of ribbed panels and used to close openings created by ribbed panels joining other components.
Cold-Forming- The process of using press brakes or rolling mills to shape steel into desired cross sections at room temperature.
Component - A part used in a Metal Building System.
Components And Cladding- For wind load consideration, members that do not qualify as part of a Main Wind Force Resisting System. They include girts, joists, purlins, studs, wall and roof panels, fasteners, end wall columns and end wall rafters of bearing end frames, roof overhung beams, canopy beams, and masonry walls when acting as other than shear walls.
Connection- The means of attachment of one structural member to another.
Continuity- The terminology given to a structural system denoting the transfer of loads and stresses from member to member as if there were no connection.
Continuous Girt Or Purlin - Girts or Purlins that overlaps at columns or frames to form a continuous member.
Continuous Ridge Vent- Series of Roof Ventilators connected to each other located along roof peak line.
Corner Trim- Pre-formed sheet metal trim used to close the junction of side and end wall panels or sheets.
Crane- A machine designated to move material by means of a hoist.
Crane Aisle- That portion of a building aisle in which a crane operates, defined by the crane span and the uninterrupted length of a crane runway.
Crane Girder- The principal horizontal beams of the crane bridge which supports the trolley and is supported by the end tracks.
Crane Rail - A track supporting and guiding the wheels of a bridge crane or trolley system.
Crane Runway Beam- The member that supports a crane rail and is supported by columns or rafters depending on the type of crane system. On Under hung bridge cranes, the runway beam also acts as the crane rail.
Crane Span - The horizontal distance centre to centre of runway beam.
Crane Stop- A Device to limit travel of a trolley or crane bridge. This device normally attached to a fixed structure and normally does not have energy-absorbing ability.
Crane Support Column - A separate column which supports the runway beam of a top running crane.
Curb- A raised edge on a concrete floor slab or roof accessory.
Curtain Wall - Perimeter wall panels carrying their own weight and wind load.
Damper- A baffle used to open or close the throat of ventilators.
Diaphragm Action- The resistance to racking generally offered by the panels, fasteners, and members to which they are attached.
Door Guide- An angle or channel used to stabilize or keep plumb a sliding or rolling door during its operation.
Double Faced Tape- An Adhesive Tape used to secure fibre glass blanket insulation to base angles/channels, eave struts/purlins, and purlins.
Downspout- A conduit used to carry water from the gutter of a building.
Drift (Side sway) - Horizontal displacement at the top of a vertical element due to lateral loads. Drift should not be confused With “Deflection”.
Drift Pin- A tapered pin used during erection to align holes in steel members to be connected by bolting.
Eave - The line along the sidewall formed by the intersection of the planes of the roof and wall.
Eave Height- The vertical dimension from finish floor to the eave.
Eave Purlin/Strut- A structural member located at the eave of a building which supports roof and wall panels.
Eave Trim- The trim used to close of top of sidewall panels in lieu of eave gutter.
Erection- The on-site assembling of Fabricated Metal Building System components to form a complete structure.
Erection Drawings- Roof and Wall erection (framing) drawings that identify individual components and accessories furnished by the manufacturer in sufficient detail to permit proper erection of the Metal Building System.
Erector - A party who assembles or erects a Metal Building System.
Expansion Joint- A break or space in construction to allow for thermal expansion and contraction of the materials used in the structure.
Fabrication- The manufacturing process performed in a plant to convert material into finished Metal Building System components. The main operations are cold forming, cutting, punching, welding, cleaning and painting.
Façade - An architectural treatment, partially covering a wall, usually concealing the eave and or rake of the building.
Fascia - A decorative trim or panel projecting from the face of a wall.
Fixed Base - A column base that is designed to resist rotation as well as horizontal or vertical movement.
Flange- The projecting edge of a structural member.
Flange Brace- A member used to provide lateral support to the flange of a structural member.
Flashing - A sheet metal closure to ensure weather tightness.
Frame- The primary steel structure members, made up of columns and rafters which supports the secondary framing.
Framed Opening- Framing members and flashing which surround an opening
Gable - The triangular portion of the end wall from the level of the eave to the ridge of the roof.
Gable Angle- An angle attached to purlins at gable for attachment of end wall sheets or panels.
Gage- The distance between holes punched in flanges, base plates, and splice plates.
Gantry Crane- A crane similar to an overhead crane except that the bridge for carrying trolley or trolleys is rigidly supported on one or more legs running on a fixed rails or other runway.
Girder- A main horizontal or near horizontal structural member that supports vertical loads. It may consist of several pieces.
Girt- A horizontal structural member that is attached to sidewall or end wall columns that support panelling.
Grade- The term used when referring to the ground elevation around a building.
Grout- A mixture of cement, sand and water used to fill cracks and cavities. Sometimes used under base plates or levelling plates to obtain uniform bearing surfaces.
Gusset Plate- A steel plate used to reinforce or connect structural elements
Gutter- A light gauge metal member at an eave, valley or parapet designed to carry water from the roof to down spouts or drains.
Hair Pin- “V” shaped reinforcing steel used to transfer anchor bolt shear to the concrete floor mass.
Haunch- The deepened portion of a column or rafter designed to accommodate the higher bending moments at such points. (Usually occurs at the intersection of column and rafter).
Haunch Brace- A diagonal member from the intersection of the column and rafter section of the rigid frame to the eave member to prevent lateral buckling of the haunch.
Header - A horizontal framing member located on top of a framed opening.
Hip Roof- A roof which is formed by sloping planes from all four sides.
Hoist- A mechanical lifting devise usually attached to a trolley which travels along a bridge, monorail or jib crane. May be chain or electric operated.
Hot-Rolled Shapes- Steel sections (angles, channels, S-shapes, W-shapes, etc.) which are formed by rolling mills while steel is in a semi-molten state.
Impact Wrench- A power tool used to tighten nuts on bolts.
Inner Liner- Liner panelling on the inside of walls
Inside Corner Trim- Trim which flashes inside corners.
Insulation- Any material used in building construction to reduce heat transfer
Jack Beam- A beam used to support another beam, rafter or truss and eliminate column support.
Jack Truss- A truss used to support another beam, rafter or truss and eliminate column support.
Jamb- The vertical framing members located at the sides of an opening.
Jib Crane- A cantilevered or suspended beam with hoist and trolley. This lifting device may pick-up loads in all part of a circle around column to which it is attached.
Jig- A device used to hold pieces of material in a certain position during fabrication
Joist- Light beam for supporting a floor or roof.
Knee- The connecting area of a column and rafter of a structural frame such as a rigid frame.
Knee Brace- A diagonal member at a column and rafter intersection designed to resist horizontal loads.
Levelling Plate- A steel plate used on top of a foundation or other support on which a structural column can rest.
Liner Panel- A metal panel attached to the inside flange of the girts or inside of a wall panel.
Lip- A flange stiffener on cold-formed sections.
Low Rise Building- A description of a class of building usually less than 60 feet eave height. Commonly, they are single story, But do not exceed four stories.
Main Frame - An assemblage of rafters and columns that support the secondary framing members and transfer loads directly to the foundation.
Mastic- See "Sealant".
Masonry- Anything constructed of materials such as bricks, concrete blocks, ceramic blocks and concrete.
Mezzanine- An intermediate level between floor and ceiling occupying a partial area of the floor space.
Mezzanine Beam - Primary framing for Mezzanine Floors.
Mezzanine Joist - Secondary framing for Mezzanine Floor.
Moment Connection- A connection designed to transfer moment as well as axial and shear forces between connecting Members.
Monitors- Superstructure located above the ridge of a building used for ventilation or additional light.
Mullions- Vertical member connecting two windows located side by side.
Multi-Gable Building - Buildings consisting of more than one gable across the width of the building.
Multi-Span Building- Buildings consisting of more than one span across the width of the building. Multiple gable buildings and Single gable buildings with interior columns are examples.
Nibbler- An electrical hand tool used to cut steel, roof or wall sheet openings.
| Peak-The uppermost point of a gable
Peak Box- A pre-engineered trim piece that trims gable trim connection and bear the name of the building manufacturer.
Piece Mark- A number given to each separate part of the building for erection identification. Also called mark number or part number.
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Pinned Base - A column base designed to resist horizontal and vertical movements but not rotation.
Pin Connection- A connection designed to transfer axial and shear forces between connecting members but not moments.
Pitch- The peak height of a gabled building divided by its overall span.
Pop Rivet- A small headed pin with expandable shank for joining light gauge metal, used to attach flashings, gutters, etc.
Portal Frame- A rigid frame so designed that it offers rigidity and stability in its plane, it is generally used to resist longitudinal loads where other bracing methods are not permitted.
Purlin - A horizontal structural member which supports roof covering.
Purlin Strut- Additional purlin added at or near intersection of wind bracing members at the rigid frame where a series of wind bracing is required in the roof plane. This strut may or may not be a continuous member throughout the length of the building.
Rafter- The main beam supporting the roof system.
Reactions- The resisting forces at the column bases holding the structure in equilibrium under a given loading condition.
Reinforcing Steel- The steel placed in concrete as required carrying the tension, compression and shear stresses.
Ridge- The horizontal line formed by opposing sloping sides of a roof running parallel with the building length.
Ridge Panel-A transition of the roofing materials along the ridge of a roof, sometimes called ridge roll or ridge flashing.
Rigid Frame-A structural frame consisting of members joined together with moment connections so as to render the frame stable with respect to the design loads, without the need for bracing in its plane.
Roll-Up Door - A door that opens by travelling vertically.
Roof Slope- The tangent of the angle that a roof surface makes with the horizontal, usually expressed in units of vertical rise to 12 units of horizontal run.
Sag Member- A tension member such as rods, straps or angles used to limit the deflection of a girt or purlin in the direction of its weak axis.
Sandwich Panels- A panel used as covering consisting of an insulating core materials with inner and outer metal skins.
Screeding - The process of striking of the excess concrete to bring the top surface to proper finish and elevation.
Sealant- Any material which is used to seal cracks, joints or laps.
Secondary Framing- Members which carry loads from the building surface to the main framing. Examples are purlins and girt.
Self Drilling Screw - A fastener which combines the function of drilling and tapping.
Self Tapping Screw - A fastener which taps its own threads in a predrilled hole.
Sheeting Angle Or Eave Angle- An angle used for securing sheet panels.
Shims- A piece of steel used to level base plates or aligns columns or beams.
Side Wall - An exterior wall which is perpendicular to the frames of a building system.
Single Span - A building or structural member without intermediate support.
Skylight- A roof accessory to admit light, normally mounted on a curbed framed opening.
Slide Door- A single or double leaf door which opens horizontally by means of sliding on an overhead trolley.
Snug Tight- The tightness of a bolt in a connection that exists when all plies in a joint are in firm contact.
Soil Pressure- The load per unit area a structure will exert through its foundation on the soil.
Span- The distance between supports of beams, girders, or trusses.
Splice - A connection in a structural member.
Splice Plate- A plate used to connect two steel structure members.
Spud Wrench- A tool used by erectors to line up holes and to make up bolted connections; a wrench with tapered handle.
Steel Line- The outside perimeter of a steel structure or inside of wall panels.
Stiffener- A member used to strengthen a plate against lateral or local buckling. Usually a flat bar welded perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the member.
Stitch Screw- A fastener connecting panels together at the side lap.
Stress - A measure of the load on a structural member in terms of force per unit area.
Strut- A member fitted into a framework which resists axial compressive forces.
Sweep- The amount of deviation of straightness of a structural section measured perpendicular to the web of the member.
Tapered Members- A built up plate member consisting of flanges welded to a variable depth web.
Tie - A structural member that is loaded in tension.
Torque Wrench- A wrench containing an adjustable mechanism for measuring and controlling the amount of torque of turning force to be exerted, used in tightening nuts of high strength bolts.
Trim- The light gauge metal used in the finish of a building, especially around openings and at intersections of surfaces, often referred to as flashing.
Truss- A structure made up of three or more elements, with each member designed to carry a tension or compression force. The entire structure in turn acts as a beam.
Turn Of The Nut Method- A method of pre-tensioning high strength bolts. The nut is turned from the “Snug Tight” position, corresponding to a few blows of an impact wrench of the full effort of a man using an ordinary spud wrench, the amount of rotation required being a function of the bolt diameter and length.
Uplift- Wind load on a building which causes a load in the upward direction.
Valley Gutter- A channel used to carry off water from the “V” of roofs of multi-gabled buildings.
Vapour Barrier- Material used to retard the flow of vapour or moisture to prevent condensation from forming on a surface.
Wainscot - Wall material, used in the lower portion of a wall that is different from the material in the rest of the wall.
Web- That portion of a structural member between the flanges.
Web Members - The system members connecting the chords of a truss.
Wind Bent- A wind bracing system used in sidewalls when diagonal brace rods are not permitted.
Wind Column- A vertical member designed to withstand horizontal wind loads.
Wind Load- The load caused by the wind from any horizontal direction
Z-Section- A member cold formed from steel sheet in the shape of a "Z".